Which of the following is NOT a requirement of promissory estoppel?

Promissory estoppel is a legal doctrine that allows a party to recover on a promise, even in the absence of a contract, if certain conditions are met. One of the key aspects of promissory estoppel is that it protects a promisee who has relied on a promise made by the promisor.

A clear and definite promise is essential because it ensures the promisee understands what is being promised and can reasonably rely on it. This requirement helps to establish the seriousness of the promise made.

The promise must indeed induce substantial action or forbearance. This means that the promisee must take significant steps or refrain from taking action based on the promise, which signifies their reliance on the promise's validity.

Justifiable reliance is another critical element, as it confirms that the promisee's reliance on the promise was reasonable and appropriate under the circumstances.

However, legal consideration is not required in cases of promissory estoppel. This is a distinctive feature that separates it from traditional contract law, where consideration is necessary for a contract to be enforceable. In the context of promissory estoppel, the promise may be enforced despite the absence of consideration if the other elements of the doctrine are met. This allows for the enforcement of promises that have