Which of the following is the lowest-level test for constitutional scrutiny by a court?

The rational basis test is indeed the lowest-level standard of scrutiny used by courts when evaluating government actions that affect constitutional rights. Under this test, the government must show that its action is rationally related to a legitimate governmental interest. This standard provides a wide latitude to the government, as it assumes the actions are constitutional as long as there is some reasonable basis for them.

In the context of constitutional law, the rational basis test is typically applied in situations that do not involve fundamental rights or suspect classifications, such as race or religion. It serves as a baseline level of analysis for economic regulations and most legislation affecting the rights of individuals that are not explicitly protected by the Constitution.

Strict scrutiny and intermediate scrutiny are much higher levels of review. Strict scrutiny requires the government to demonstrate a compelling interest and that the law is narrowly tailored to achieve that interest, often applied in cases involving fundamental rights or suspect classifications. Intermediate scrutiny is a middle ground that requires the government to show that a law serves an important interest and is related to that interest in a substantial manner, commonly used in cases involving gender discrimination.

Thus, the rational basis test stands out as the least rigorous form of judicial review, allowing for greater governmental flexibility compared to the other forms of scrutiny.