What differentiates intentional torts from negligence?

The defining characteristic of intentional torts is that they involve a deliberate act that causes harm to another individual. Intentional torts are based on the principle that the tortfeasor (the person committing the tort) had the intention to bring about a specific consequence or to engage in conduct that was substantially certain to result in harm. This intention sets intentional torts apart from negligence, where no intent to cause harm is involved; rather, negligence arises from the failure to act with a reasonable standard of care, leading to unintended consequences or harm.

In contrast, negligence focuses primarily on the lack of due care resulting in harm rather than any intent to cause that harm. Thus, the essence of distinguishing intentional torts from negligence is rooted in the actor's intention to perform the act which leads to harm, making the second option the correct choice.